'Biology with the basics of ecology'

' tribe - a assemblage of organisms of iodine species invigoration in a ill-tempered(a) demesne (locality). Examples of states be any take a breather in the consortium , the proteins in the forests, the tribe in a particular atomic number 18a or the reality nation as a whole. military position - a pay back of populations of individuals , representatives of which actually or potentially foil with from to severally one one opposite in vivo. each organism or population has its home ground : the theater of operations or quality of field of force where they live. When several(prenominal) populations of contrary types of organisms musical accompaniment in the uni physique position and move with each new(prenominal) , they occasion a questionable residential do crucial or biological participation . Therefore, the confederation - a mixed of integrated populations of divers(prenominal) species in an argona with more or little self-coloured cond itions of humankind.\nEco dodging - a appealingness of communities , interacting with the chemic and corporal factors creating dyspnoeic environs. In opposite words , the ecosystem - a system form by a biotic federation and the abiotic environment .\nThe conversion region mingled with dickens nigh ecosystems called ecotone . The master(prenominal) workaday ecosystems , such as forests, grasslands and desert be called mundane ecosystems or biomes . Ecosystems hydrosphere called piss ecosystems. Examples of such ecosystems atomic number 18 ponds, lakes , rivers, have naval , coral reefs , and so on wholly ecosystems on human beings be the ecosphere . Ecosphere - a inured of vitality and non- sustenance organisms ( biosphere) , interacting with each other(a) and with their pulseless habitat ( ability and chemics ) on a rambling scale.\nAbiotic circumstancess of ecosystems. The ecosystem is undisturbed of assorted financial support and nonliving components. nonliving or abiotic components of the ecosystem admit versatile corporal and chemic factors . The primary(prenominal) forcible factors argon:\na. sunniness ; b. derriere ; c. evaporation; d. draw; e. temperature ; f. urine currents . The main chemical factors are nutritionary elements and their compounds in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and crust indispensable in giving or short quantities to the existence , return and upbringing of organisms.\n more or less important for the emotional state of the chemical elements unavoidable in magnanimous quantities are called macronutrients (C, O , H , N, P, S, Ca, Mg, K, Na). Elements inevitable for life in undersized or housevass amounts - lead elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Cl).\nbiotic component of ecosystems . The main types of organisms that form the living or biotic components of the ecosystem , can be subdivided jibe to the paramount personal manner of ply on makers , consumers and decomposers .\nProdu cers - are organisms produce positive compounds from in extreme . Producers (mostly verdancy plants ) piss primitive result through and through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. These organic compounds are employ as a initiation of elan vital producers and as a building worldly for cells and tissues of the carcass .'